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Provably fair means a server seed is hashed and published before play. The player has a client seed, and a nonce counts rounds. A public method, commonly HMAC-SHA256, combines them into the round result, and after the round the player can re-hash to confirm it matches the published hash. The server seed is a random string generated by the operator, and before the round the operator gives the user a hashed version of it. The client seed is a random string provided by the user or their browser, so the operator cannot pre-calculate a losing result from its own seed alone. The nonce is a sequential number tracking the number of bets made with a given seed pair, and it increases by one per event. The operator cannot change the server seed later without the hash changing, which would be immediately detectable. To verify a result, the user takes the unhashed server seed revealed after the round, the client seed and the nonce, and runs them through the same hashing algorithm. Provably fair randomness shows the outcome was not manipulated but does not guarantee a win, and a game can be provably fair and still carry a significant house edge.

A Bitcoin transaction fee is a small amount paid by the sender to encourage miners to include the transaction in a block. On Ethereum, gas is a reference to the computation needed to process a transaction, and users pay a fee for that computation. On Ethereum, blocks move through the stages justified and then finalized. Litecoin was created by Charlie Lee and launched on 7 October 2011. Litecoin uses a scrypt-based proof-of-work algorithm instead of Bitcoin’s SHA-256. Litecoin targets a shorter block interval than Bitcoin, at 2.5 minutes. TRON’s native token is Tronix, or TRX, and its mainnet launched in May 2018. Solana launched in March 2020 and its native cryptocurrency is SOL. Solana uses three commitment levels, processed, confirmed and finalized, with finalized being the highest assurance level.

USDT is a stablecoin whose value aims to stay stable relative to the US dollar. USDT is issued on many blockchains, including Ethereum, Tron and Solana. Tether states one token on one blockchain equals one token on another blockchain in value. USDT can move on more than one blockchain, and fee and speed differ by network and change with congestion. Sending to the wrong network for a given address can result in lost funds. Crypto prices can move significantly between deposit and withdrawal, and a balance in a volatile coin can be worth more or less in fiat terms when cashed out, unless the site settles in a stablecoin. Stablecoins reduce but do not eliminate this. Peg risk exists separately.

A non-custodial wallet means you hold your own private keys. No third party can access or freeze your funds. Holding your own private keys gives you control but makes you responsible for safeguarding them. Withdrawing to an outside address usually carries a network fee paid to miners or validators, not to the exchange. Network fees are dynamic and can change without notice with network congestion. A minimum amount applies to each withdrawal request, and if the amount is too small, the request cannot be made. Withdrawal address whitelisting is a security setting, and once enabled you can only withdraw to addresses on your whitelist. Withdrawal to a newly added whitelist address can be suspended for a chosen time limit as a security buffer. A wrongly addressed or wrong-network transfer often cannot be reversed or recovered by the receiving platform.

A custodial wallet means a third party such as an exchange holds your private keys on your behalf. A non-custodial wallet means you hold your own private keys. No third party can access or freeze your funds. Web wallets run in a browser as an extension and mobile wallets are phone apps, and both are connected to the internet and are called hot wallets, which suits everyday transactions. A hardware wallet is a physical device that stores private keys offline, and it is often considered the most common type of cold wallet. A seed phrase is a sequence of words from which a wallet can be fully restored. The seed phrase controls your private keys, which sign transactions and prove ownership of assets. A private key is a secret piece of data that proves your right to spend bitcoins from a specific wallet. An address works like an email inbox, identifying your digital assets and being shareable publicly to receive funds.